AH 899-937 / AD 1493-1530

Zahir ud-Din Muhammad Babur, commonly known as Babur, was a 16th-century Central Asian emperor and the founder of the Mughal Empire in India. He was born on February 14, 1483, in present-day Uzbekistan. Babur was a descendant of Timur on his father's side and Genghis Khan on his mother's side, which gave him a strong lineage in Central Asia.

Babur ascended to the throne of Fergana in 1494 at the age of 12 after his father's death. He faced numerous challenges and was forced into exile multiple times. In 1504, Babur captured Kabul, which became his base for later expeditions.

In 1526, Babur invaded northern India and defeated the Sultan of Delhi, Ibrahim Lodhi, at the First Battle of Panipat. This victory marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire in India. Babur's military tactics, especially the effective use of artillery, played a significant role in his success.

Babur died on December 26, 1530, in Agra, India, but his legacy lived on through the Mughal Empire, which became one of the most powerful and enduring empires in Indian history. He was succeeded by his son Humayun, and his descendants ruled India for several centuries, leaving an indelible mark on the country's culture, art, and architecture.