AH 1118-1119 / AD 1707

Azam Shah (1653-1707) was the eldest son of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, making him a prince of the Mughal Empire. Born as Muhi-ud-din Muhammad, he was given the title "Azam Shah" which means "Greatest King." Azam Shah played a significant role in the Mughal Empire's politics during his father's rule.

His life, however, was marked by political intrigue and tragedy. After the death of Aurangzeb, a fierce war of succession erupted among his sons. Azam Shah, based in Gujarat, aiming for the throne, faced strong opposition from his younger brother, Muazzam - later, Bahadur Shah I. This rivalry led to the Battle of Jajau in 1707, during which Azam Shah was defeated and killed, ending his bid for the Mughal throne.

Azam Shah's life illustrates the complexities of power struggles within the Mughal royal family, a theme that characterized the later years of the Mughal Empire. His brief and turbulent life is a testament to the challenges faced by the heirs of one of the world's most powerful dynasties.